{"id":2253,"date":"2025-11-26T16:38:42","date_gmt":"2025-11-26T08:38:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/qingshanmetals.com\/?p=2253"},"modified":"2025-12-04T16:43:20","modified_gmt":"2025-12-04T08:43:20","slug":"seamless-vs-welded-choosing-the-best-carbon-steel-pipe-for-high-pressure-applications","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/qingshanmetals.com\/ar\/blog\/seamless-vs-welded-choosing-the-best-carbon-steel-pipe-for-high-pressure-applications\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637"},"content":{"rendered":"
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    \n
  1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
  2. \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628:<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628).<\/li>\n
  3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062d\u0631\u062c:<\/strong> \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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      \n
    • \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n
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    • \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645:<\/strong> \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/strong> \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649.
      \n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 24 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

      \n
      \n

      \ud83d\udd17 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n

      \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n

      \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629 \u2014 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n

      \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • ERW (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629):<\/strong> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u0634\u0648. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642.<\/li>\n
      • \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0631 (SAW) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a (LSAW):<\/strong> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u0634\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n
          \n
        • \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n
        • \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c $48$ \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631).<\/li>\n
        • \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d:<\/strong> \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 (\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645:<\/strong> \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646.
          \n\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 (NDT) \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064d.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

          \n
          \n

          \ud83d\udd2c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621<\/h2>\n

          \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a **\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a** (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628) \u0648**\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a** (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628).<\/p>\n

          \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n

          \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647 **\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 (HAZ)** \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n

          \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 (\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

          \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n

          \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 (\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n

          \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 ASME B31.1 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648 ASME B31.3 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629) \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

          \n
          \n

          \u2705 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631: \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627<\/h2>\n

          \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/h3>\n

          \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\/\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 1000 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n
          • \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629:<\/strong> \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636).<\/li>\n
          • \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n
          • \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629:<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 API 5L \u0623\u0648 ASME B31.1 \u0623\u0648 B31.3 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629:<\/h3>\n

            \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627: \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\/\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 500 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
            • \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 24 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646.<\/li>\n
            • \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
              \n
              \n

              \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n

              \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629.<\/p>\n

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